Monday, March 3, 2008

Numbers 34-36; Psalm 39:7-13

Numbers 34
1-15 - Marking Land Boundaries
The LORD to Moses to command the Israelites:
  • Mark out your land in Canaan with these boundaries:
  • Roughly - South, wilderness of Zin (same as Wilderness of Sin in chapter 33?); Great (Mediterranean) Sea on the west; Mount Hor (where Aaron was buried) on the north; the Jordan River and its seas on the east. Planning ahead: This is before they have even entered the land. God talks about it like it's an established fact.
16-29 - Tribal Leaders
  • Eleazar and Joshua to appoint certain men from each tribe to apportion the inheritance for their tribe
  • Because Reuben and Gad have staked out land on the near side of the Jordan, tribes include only Judah, Simeon, Benjamin, Dan, Manasseh (half-tribe, I'm assuming), Ephraim, Zebulun, Issachar, Asher, Naphtali. Note these are completely different men than those designated to lead the tribes in Numbers 1.
Numbers 35 (In plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho)
1-15 - Cities for the Levites
  • Tribes to give 48 cities to the Levites, number of cities from each tribe to be determined by the size of the tribe
  • All land in a 2,000 cubit radius outside each city to be given to the Levites for pasture land (or is it 1,000?) A couple of commentators I consulted seem to agree that the first 1,000 was for out-buildings, and the next 2,000 cubits for fields and vineyards, making a total of 3,000 cubits outside each city (about .85 miles, per my calculations, with a cubit equal to 18 inches).
  • To include 6 cities of refuge, for those who are guilty of manslaughter (killing without intent)
16-34 - Concerning Murder and Blood Revenge
  • Murder defined: killing another with an iron object, a stone in hand, or weapon of wood in hand; pushing out of hatred, lying in wait, or striking with the hand - all done with enmity
  • The "avenger of blood" can kill the murderer when they meet
  • If killing done without hatred, the congregation makes the judgment, and, if judged as not malicious, slayer sent "back" to city of refuge until the death of the high priest, after which the slayer can safely return home
  • If slayer found outside the city of refuge, avenger can kill slayer without guilt
  • Murderers can be put to death only at the word of two or more witnesses
  • No ransoms to be paid for murderers or those guilty of manslaughter (before death of high priest)
  • Blood pollutes the land
Numbers 36 - Marriage of Female Heirs
  • Tribe of Manasseh comes to Moses and the leaders, concerned that if daughters of Zelophehad marry outside their tribe (see Chapter 27), their inheritance will go to another tribe
  • Moses' instruction "according to the word of the LORD": Daughters of Zelophehad not permitted to marry outside their clan
  • Daughters of Zelophehad comply
Simple ending to Numbers: "These are the commandments and the ordinances that the LORD commanded through Moses to the Israelites in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho."

Psalm 39:7-13 - Psalm ends with David still in a state of despair
10 - "Remove your stroke from me; I am worn down by the blows of your hand."
13 - "Turn your gaze away from me, that I may smile again, before I depart and am no more."


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